Abnormal kidney function in patients with chronic viral hepatitis

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the main causes of acute and chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Extrahepatic manifestations are identifiable in both chronic infections. We aimed to study the incidence of kidney disease in chronic viral hepatitis and the related factors to lowering glomerular filtration rate. Aim: To investigate the association between liver fibrosis and glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic viral hepatitis Materials and Methods: The study was performed using a retrospective cohort design. The study population (200 patients) was collected randomly from a hospital in Bugat, China during September 2022 to September 2023, and the liver and kidney functions of patients were evaluated using a fully automatic biochemical analyzer. Results: The average age of the population was 52.4±13.97 years, 126 (63%) were male and 74 (37%) were female. In the group with chronic HBV infection, the parameters such as lower age (46.68±14.77 years), increased platelet count (227.65±64.75), lower FIB4 score (1.48±1.74), and high renal glomerular filtration rate (100.40±20.73) was statistically significantly different from the group with chronic HCV infection. According to multivariate regression analysis, gender (female) (OR-0.397, 95% CI:0.208-0.757, p-0.005), HCV infection (OR-0.378, 95% CI:0.200-0.711, p-0.003) and the degree of liver fibrosis (OR-0.288, 95% CI:0.129-0.646, p-0.003) are the main factors that affect the decrease in glomerular filtration rate. Conclusion: HCV infection is the main cause of lower glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. The degree of liver fibrosis by FIB4 is negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate.