The study of clinical sign and co-morbidity of gout

Abstract

Background: Gout is a chronic inflammatory joint disease that damages many joints. Monosodium urate-deposition accumulates in the joints and soft tissues due to long-term untreated condition and leading to loss of function, further reducing the quality of life. It is the most common inflammatory joint disease in the world. Hyperuricemia, sedentary lifestyle including diet, obesity, and the use of certain medications are risk factors for gout, and gout is a risk factor for many diseases such as arterial hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes. Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis in the world, with a prevalence of 3.9% in the United States, 0.9% in France, 1.4-2.5% in the United Kingdom, and 1.4-2.5% in Germany. 1.4%% occurs in Europe 6.1%.3,4 Gout becomes chronic and pain increases over time, reducing quality of life. In recent years, as the incidence of gout has increased, the patient’s control is poor, and wrong choose of the dose of uric acid reducing medicine, ineffective treatment, varying levels of health education on the part of the patient, non-adherence to diet, and discontinuing drug treatment have been observed. Aim: In this study, we aimed to detect gout in the participants and investigate its clinical manifestations and comorbidities. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted using cross-sectional study, data was collected through a questionnaire, and the results were processed using SPSS. A total of 161 people aged 18-82 participated in the study, and the average age was 56-13.6 years. By gender, 125 men and 36 women participated. Results: According to the criteria of gout, a total of 43 (26.7%) participants were diagnosed with gout, of which 40 (93.02%) were male and 3 (6.97%) were female. In terms of clinical symptoms of gout, all the participants showed symptoms of inflammation, such as pain reaching its maximum level on the first day of the disease, redness and swelling of the skin of the inflamed joint, and warmth to palpation. Inflammation involving the ankle and the first metatarsal joint occurred in all participants. For participants with more than one gout attack, recurrent gout was present in 100% of all participants, while chronic tophus gout was present in 6.9%. Conclusions: Clinical signs of inflammation are prominent, and intermittent gout and tophus gout are more common. Cardiovascular and metabolic disorders are more common in the group diagnosed with gout, but gout itself does not contribute to the development of these disorders.