Simple methodology for dose conversion betweenanimals and human

Abstract

Background: Recently, domestic and foreign researchers have shown that the dosage and quantity of drugs used in experiments on humans and animals are calculated using different methods. Also, in our country, there is a lot of experimental research on traditional medicine and medicinal plants. Safe and effective use of drugs is paramount in drug therapy. Materials and Methods: This review is related of different approaches that may be used to calculate the starting dose, and discusses selected topics related to the calculation of the starting dose. Results: The results of the survey showed that the pharmacokinetically guided approach is the most commonly used method, followed by dose by factor methods. It should be emphasized that the common perception of scaling of dose based on the body weight (mg/kg) alone is not the right approach. This is primarily because the biochemical, functional systems in species vary which in turn alter pharmacokinetics. Conclusion: A four-part conceptual framework for dose selection is described and methods that can be used to extrapolate in vitro and animal data to humans are outlined. There are many possible methods and there is no single “right” choice. As methodologies continue to evolve, the use of sophisticated modeling and simulation methods such as Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PSEC) modeling or numerical systems pharmacology is likely to increase ‑ ‑