Comparative study of the correlation between Valves surgery and Cardiac arrhythmia

Abstract

Background: In Mongolia, it is necessary to determine the prevalence and types of preand post-operative arrhythmias in patients who went valve replacement surgery, and based on that, we would like to introduce new methods for the treatment of arrhythmias during surgery. The purpose of this study is to known the recovery of heart function after repair and replacement surgery for aortic and mitral valve diseases, and to identify the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias, their types and forms. Aim: To determine the incidence of types of cardiac arrhythmia before and after open-heart surgery (valve repair and replacement) to introduce new methods for the treatment of arrhythmias during surgery. Materials and Methods: Therefore we aimed to compare pre and post operation arrhythmia in patients who had aortic and mitral valve surgery. In order to compare, we used pre and post-surgery electrocardiogram, echocardiogram and patient history of total 30 patients. Statistical analyses are performed by SPSS 23 software and the p-value is evaluated as significant when less than 0.05. Our participants were 12 males, 18 females (average age 43.3), totally 30 adults who had open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass machine in the Cardiovascular Surgery Department of the Third State Central Hospital between 2015 and 2016. A “Cohort-Retrospective” study was conducted using history and late postoperative electrocardiogram. Results: The frequency of pre-operation arrhythmia were 88.7% hence atrial fibrillation were 62.9%, moreover post-operation arrhythmia were 80%. There was no statistically significant difference between pre and post operation arrhythmia (p= 0.9). There were 26 cases or 86.7 percent of patients had shortness of breath, 15 patients or 50 percent of them had palpitations, and 16 patients or 53.3 percent of them had tibia edema. We used Minnesota code for classify the cardiac arrhythmias, and a totally 69 changes in arrhythmia (17 atrial fibrillation) were detected before surgery and 58 arrhythmias (17 atrial fibrillation) were detected after surgery. Conclusion: According to the result, we have concluded that arrhythmia frequency has not been getting lower after valve surgery, consequently needed to improve arrhythmia control, treatment and admit novel methods such as Cox maze IV ablation.