Impact of comorbidity on mortality of COVID-19

Abstract

Background: Morbidity is a disorder that causes the patient to seek medical attention due to its complications and is the cause of death. COVID-19 has been confirmed by laboratory testing irrespective of the severity of clinical signs or symptoms. U07.2 COVID-19 is diagnosed clinically or epidemiologically but laboratory testing is inconclusive or not available. Aim: To evaluate the effect of underlying disease on mortality due to complications from COVID-19. Materials and Methods: In this study, 113 cases that improved after treatment and were discharged from the hospital were classified as “Survival” and 124 cases that worsened and died as “Mortality”. Results: Mortality was statistically significant in severe cases compared to the clinical stage. Cases with cardiovascular disease (OR 2.392, 95% CI 1.436-3.982, p=0.001) had a 2-fold higher risk of death than cases without cardiovascular disease. The risk of death was 4-fold higher for hypertension (OR 44.165, 95% CI 2.112-8.215, p<0.001). Cancer (OR 8.899, 95% CI 4.358-18.1705, p<0.001) had the highest or 8-fold increased risk of death. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 2.291, 95% CI 1.123-4.674, p=0.023) doubled the risk of death. Conclusion: In cases diagnosed with COVID-19, the presence of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and kidney disease increases the risk of death.