Epidemiology and clinical research of the measles outbreak registered in 2015-2016, in Ulaanbaatar

Abstract

Background: Since March 2015, the measles outbreak started to be registered in Mongolia, which was registered a total of 23464 cases (79.2 per 10000), out of it, a total of 18938 (138.5 per 10000) were registered in Ulaanbaatar area (Health Development Center, 2015) within 2015. Among these cases, children aged 0-8 months, 15-29 were consisted of 64%. Objective: To study the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of measles outbreaks among children aged 0-5 years in Ulaanbaatar city Materials and method: A specially developed study was carried out by selecting 4813 cases of 0-5 years of age from the medical history of 12785 patients who were admitted to the National Center for Communicable Diseases during the 2015-2016 measles outbreak. According to the card, it was studied by the method of descriptive model. When analyzing the research data using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 26 programs, statistical processing was performed for each year 2015 and 2016. Results: Among total cases, a total of 2653 (55.1%) cases were males, and a total of 2160 (44.9%) were females (p=0.05). The age group 3-9 months were the majority of registered cases (n=3307, 69.7%). During this outbreak period, the children measles cases (n=3116, 65.7%) registered due to the status of not vaccinated for measles mumps rubella vaccine due to their age requirement. By clinical characteristics of children cases, moderate symptom cases were 2.9%, mild severe 83%, severe 13.8%, extreme severe 0.3%, and not registered mild cases. The severe and extremely severe cases were registered among children of pre-vaccination age compared to other age groups (p=0.0001). The skin rashes appeared on average 2.8±1.6 days skin rashes, in 2±1.1 days inpatient hospitalization was referred. During the admission, 30.3% were with pneumonia diagnosis when they had referred admission, and during the inpatient period, 60.5% were registered with a pneumonia diagnosis which increased two times (p=0.0001). Conclusion: By the patient information, during the measles outbreak 2015-2016 in Ulaanbaatar, among the total cases of under-five children. The average of 2.8±1.6 days the cases had skin rashes, mild severe (83%), severe (13.8%) cases were majority registered, and each 2-3 cases (30.3-60.5%) were complicated with pneumonia.