A study comparing P53 and β-CATENIN exposure to liver cancer cells with cancer risk factors

Abstract

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Mongolia, and liver cancer is the leading cause of death. The immunohistochemical diagnosis has been introduced in Mongolian pathology for enough time but no studies have been performed to explain some of the pathogens (P53, β-catenin) found in hepatocellular carcinoma in connection with hepatocellular carcinoma. Aim: Explain the activity of Wnt/β-catenin and p53 in the liver in hepatocellular carcinoma in connection with some common risk factors. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 2018-2020 in the surgery department of the National Center for Cancer using a retrospective study of liver tissue (n=90) incisions made due to “HCC”, as well as patient history and archival materials. Results: The positive staining intensity of β-catenin-pathogenic protein in hepatocellular carcinoma was statistically higher than that of the alcohol-dependent group in hepatocellular carcinoma influenced by viral factors (P<0.001). However, the positive staining intensity of P53-pathogenic protein in the alcohol-dependent group was also found to be statistically higher (P<0.001) than in the hepatocellular carcinoma group affected by viral factors. Conclusion: Wnt/β-catenin is relatively high in hepatocellular carcinoma due to hepatic virus (HBV, HCV) factors, while the effect of P53-pathogenic protein is high in alcohol dependence.