The results of differential diagnosis of common peripheral vestibular disorders

Abstract

Background: BPPV, Meniere’s disease and vestibular neuritis are the three most commonly diagnosed disorders of peripheral vestibular disorders. These diseases occur in 3.5-513 per 100,000 population. Now it is necessary to study the clinical features of patients with peripheral vestibular disorders in Mongolia. Aim: To determine and differentiate the clinical characteristics of BPPV, Meniere’s disease and vestibular neuritis and to compare the results of treatment. Materials and Methods: 273 patients who came to the vestibular laboratory of the from January 2018 to January 2021 were covered. The instantaneous method of the analytical cross-sectional used. Diagnosed according to clinical guidelines issued by AAO-HNSF in 2017. Clinical forms were differentiated using clinical criteria questionnaires, videonystagmography, and caloric test. Results: Out of 273 participants, BPPV 162, Meniere’s disease 51, and vestibular neuritis 60. PC BPPV-62.4%, HC BPPV-27.1% and AC BPPV-10.5%. Sex ratio male to female, 1:4. Positinal nystagmyus 100%. Video nystagmography revealed 75%, 33% of spontaneous nystagmus and 91.7%, 82.4% of head shaking nystagmus in VN, MD. On average, 49.3%, 37.3% of CP by caloric tests . Of the 51 people diagnosed with Meniere’s disease, 17.6% had a possible MD and 82.4% had a definite MD. Conclusion: 1. Videonystagmography and caloric testing are essential for the clinical diagnosis of peripheral vestibular disorders 2. Of the clinical types, the right PC is more common. BPPV is four times more common in women.