Effects of diabetes and dietary pattern on gut microbiome

Abstract

Background: People at risk for diabetes are being studied globally to see whether they can prevent diabetes by taking preventive measures such as maintaining a normal gut microbiota ratio. Aim: to study the characteristics of normal intestinal microorganisms in relation to diabetes and diet. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 224 people aged between 32 and 65 were surveyed. Frequency of food groups was studied using 24-hour dietary recall diary and stool samples were taken to determine microflora using next generation sequencer, (MiSeq, Illumina). Results: Of total participants, 57.6% and 42.4% were with and without diabetes respectively. It was found that there is a positive correlation between grain consumption and Bacteroidetes (r=0.100, p<0.001). There is a statistically significant low number of firmicutes and high number of Bacteroidetes in diabetic patients compared to that of non-diabetic patients. Conclusion: Higher consumption of grains might be the causes of increases in bacteroidetes and alteration of gut microbiota in Mongolians. The changes of gut microbiota in diabetic people suggesting a role of its patogeneis.