The incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents in Mongolia, 2015-2020

Abstract

Introduction: The International Diabetes Federation reports that the number of children and adolescents with T1DM is increasing every year and its variety in each country. In Mongolia, there are a few studies estimated the incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents. Material and methods: This retrospective study examined medical records of type 1 diabetic patients from the National Center for Maternal and Child Health of Mongolia between 2015 and 2020. The annual incidence has been estimated in gender-specific age groups. The incidence and prevalence was calculated per 100,000 populations. A Cochran–Armitage test was used to compare the incidence by gender and age group. For all statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 22.0. Results: In the last 6 years there were 100 newly diagnosed patients registered. The incidence of childhood-onset T1DM increased from 0.73 to 2.28/100,000 persons in 2015-2020 (p=0.001). The overall incidence of T1DM among children and adolescents was 1.4/100,000 persons. In girls (1.6/100,000), the incidence occurred higher than in boys (1.22/100,000) (p=0.007). The highest incidence of T1DM of those aged 10-14 years. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0-18 years in Mongolia increased from 0.45 to 6.75/100,000 persons in 2015-2020. Conclusion: Type 1 diabetes prevalence was rapidly increased in the last 6 years in Mongolia. Girls are at higher risk for T1DM than boys and children aged 10-14 years old are more affecting.