Issues of histopathological diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic disease in Mongolia

Abstract

Gestational trophoblastic disease encompasses a range of pregnancy-related disorders, consisting of the premalignant disorders of complete and partial hydatidiform mole, and the malignant disorders of invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, and the rare placental-site trophoblastic tumour. These malignant forms are termed gestational trophoblastic tumours or neoplasia. Applications of new immunohistochemical markers and molecular techniques have significantly enhanced the diagnostic precision of various GTDs in recent years. In pathology services, there has been issue to identify Gestational Trophoblastic Disease subtypes by molecular pathology methods among Mongolian women and to prove the diagnosis of uncertain Gestational Trophoblastic Disease. We aimed to study Gestational Trophoblastic Disease subtypes and evaluate criteria for the current histopathological diagnosis in Mongolia. The age of the patients with GTD ranged from 16 to 52 years (mean 31 years). Five hundred and two cases were classified as Hydatidiform mole (502/964 94.3%). Twenty nime cases were classified as GTN (29/964, 5.8%). Of the four four hundred and thirty-five histologically undetermined cases (435/964, 45.2%), differential diagnosis between HM and GTN was required in eight cases.