Diagnostic importance of the platelet parameters in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Based on WHO data of 2020, Gastric cancer (GC) incidence and mortality ranked 1st in Mongolia, respectively. In recent years, there is a growing interest in establishing novel non-invasive predictive biomarkers from hematological and serologic parameters for various cancers. Although complete blood count has been routinely available to diagnose patients with malignancies, such as PLT and MPV. Activated PLT promotes tumor cell growth, aberrant angiogenesis, and invasion. Recent studies reported that MPV is a biomarker in early diagnosis for GC. We investigated the gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) patients diagnosed in the National Cancer Center of Mongolia between 2017 to 2018. In total, 112 patients diagnosed with GA, likewise 98 health people attended this study. The patients’ mean age was 53, and the control groups were 45 years. In terms of gender, 68.8% were men, 31.2% were women. When the cancer group was compared with the control group, PLT increased in the GA group (p<0.001) and MPV decreased in the GA group (p<0.001). To determine the cutoff point of MPV and to study it in correlation with other parameters, the MPV was statistically significant in relation to PLT (p=0.04), PCT (p=0.03), and PDW (p=0.001). The sensitivity and specific of CA72-4 27.6%, 18.5% (AUC=0.54), CEA 19%, 20.4% (AUC=0.49) and CA19-9 12.1%, 1.9% (AUC=0.53) in GC group. The correlation between cancer markers to MPV showed a statistically significant (p<0.01). Approximately 66.9% of total patients have diagnosed the staging of cancer lll-IV and histological differentiation in 83.5% of stage III-IV were poorly differentiated. When we identified the relationship between MPV and histological differentiation, the MPV level was dramatically reduced in moderately and poorly differentiated types (p<0.001). Our findings suggest that, it is possible to diagnose gastric cancer at an early stage by evaluating the changes level in peripheral blood platelet and their additional parameters in conjunction with other diagnostic parameters of gastric cancer.