Study of pharmacological effects of “kakamon” preperation on wound healing

Abstract

Background: Nowadays investigating bioactivity of medicinal herbs, which are widely used in traditional medicine, and their substances, further enriching domestic drug stockpile with natural medicinal herbs are one of the most important objectives for researchers. Recently recurrent oral mucous aphthous ulcers case is increasing in numbers, especially severe and complicated types of the disease are dominantly encountered in our country. But our country is relatively lacking in herbal pharmaceutical preparations with local effect for treatment of oral mucous aphthous ulcer and periodontitis. Therefore, we have prepared a novel herbal preparation from commonly used herbals in traditional medicine practice, Cacalia hastate L., Achillea asiatica Serg. and Ephedra equisetina Bunge with herbal extract ratio of 1:10, in which the ratio of herbs used as 1:1:0.5. Raw materials and 50° spirit were used with 1:10 ratio to be extracted in rotary refrigerator for 6 hours in 70°С using water heater. The complex preparation is called “Kakamon”. We evaluated the effects of “Kakamon” on wound healing. Materials and Methods: Thirty six male BALB/c mice were experimented. The mice were divided into four groups: the first group received topical administration of “Kakamon” 400 mg/kg ethanol extract, second group “Kakamon” 400 mg/kg aqueous extract, third group received silver sulfadiazine topical cream and fourth group received cold cream for treatment. A cut wound (superficial fascia depth) was made locally. On 4th, 7th and 10th days, excisional biopsies were performed and wound healing was evaluated histopathologically. The data were analyzed by the ANOVA and Tukey tests on SPSS-21. Results: Results of 4th and 7th day tests done in the tissue collected from wound edges showed significantly lower numbers of inflammatory cells and higher fibroblast cell activity, follicular cell production and keratinization in the silver sulfadiazine and “Kakamon” preparation-treated groups compared to the control groups. The 10th day test results showed higher fibroblast cell activity, follicular cell production and keratinization, as well as better formation of basic layer of epidermis, scar, and top layer of the wound surface in the “Kakamon” preparation-treated animals. In addition, the numbers of inflammatory cells in “Kakamon” preparation and silver sulfadiazine-treated groups were significantly lower than the control groups. Conclusion: “Kakamon” preparation and extract are effective in accelerating wound healing process and improving regeneration.