A study of serum insulin and glucose levels comparing to the motility of ghrelin and gtp-1 hormones in obese people

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a major cause of diabetes due to impaired glucose metabolism, high blood glucose, loss of insulin secretion, hyperinsulinemia. According to research, gastric endocrine cell secretes ghrelin, which is insulinostatic and intestinal L cell secretes glucagon like peptide -1, which is insulinotropic hormone. it is significant to define Mongolian people’s insulin, glucose, insulinostatic and insulinotropic hormones level and how glucose is involving metabolism in normal weight and obese people before and after oral glucose tolerance test Methods and design: We made under the auspices of the Mongolia-Japan teaching hospital, along with, used case-control study method. We used Randomized controlled trials in 28 people who are obese (n=14) and normal weight (n=14), who visited in Mongolia-Japan teaching hospital on 2019 through 2020. Before and after took oral glucose tolerance test, we measured fasting state of glucose level, we estimated glucose, insulin, ghrelin, GLP-1 level from blood specimens every 30, 60 and 120 minutes. We used descriptive statistics, which includes Non-parametric statistics, for calculating research results calculate that if statistically significant p value meaning will p <0.05. The HOMA-IR, HOMA-B index were calculated. Result: Obese people’s blood glucose levels were significantly higher in 15, 30 minutes, and glucose induced insulin levels were significantly higher in 0, 120 minutes compared to normal weight people(p<0.05). In obese people, HOMA-IR index 5.31 ± 0.89 and HOMA-B index 259.82 ± 54.5 were defined, which was statistically higher than in the control group(p <0.05). Obese people’s ghrelin and GLP-1 level were low compared to normal weight people. Moreover, the statistical significance were lower at 0, 120 minutes in ghrelin, and 120 minutes in GLP-1. Conclusions: Decreased levels of active ghrelin in the blood of obese people may be a major cause of hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and it can lead insulin resistance, which acan be a major cause of diabetes.