Detection of PPAR gamma gene rs1801282 polymorphism in people with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion or insulin resistance. It is classified into six distinct types, among which type 2 diabetes accounts for approximately 90% of all cases. Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial disease, with genetic predisposition being one of the significant contributing factors. Recent research has identified approximately 70 genes associated with the development of type 2 diabetes, one of which is the PPAR gamma gene. This gene plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various conditions, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and certain types of cancer. The reason for conducting this research was lack of studies investigating the association between the PPARγ gene rs1801282 polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Mongolia. Aim: Correlation study of the rs1801282 polymorphism of PPAR gamma gene in people with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: We conducted the study using an analytical research case-control design. Ninety-one patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and ninety-two relatively healthy controls were selected as participants. DNA from the blood of all study subjects was isolated using the DNA isolation protocol. The rs1801282 polymorphism of the PPAR gamma gene was then amplified using allele-specific PCR and subsequently analyzed through gel electrophoresis.GraphPad PRISM software was employed to analyze the collected data. Results: The PPAR gamma gene rs1801282 polymorphism was compared among the CC, CG, and GG genotypes, as well as alleles and genetic types, in both the case and control groups. In the healthy control group, homozygous CC genotype 72 (78.2%) had the CG genotype, and 19 (20.8%) had the GG genotype, and 1 (1%) had the GG genotype. In the case group 68 (74.7%) homozygous CC genotype 20 (22%) had the CG genotype, and 3 (3.3%) had the GG genotype. There were no statistically significant differences in genotype distribution between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: People with the risk G allele and GG genotype of the rs1801282 polymorphism of the PPAR gamma gene were not at risk of developing T2DM.