Some results of the macro and microstructural study in children’ adrenal gland

Abstract

Background: Researching the physical characteristics of Mongolian children is one of the urgent problems of medicine and anthropology, which is necessary for the comprehensive assessment of children’s health, prevention of diseases, and recovery. According to scientific studies, it is necessary to study the microstructure of Mongolian children’s adrenal glands in detail by age group. Aim: To determine the morphological parameters of the adrenal glands of children by age group. Materials and Methods: We randomly selected a total of 144 cases from specimens aged 0-14 years old. The micromorphometric measurements were performed by histological method. The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS-25.0 program. Results: In our study, the gender ratio was 59% (n=85) male and 41% (n=59) female. The children included in the study were grouped into 0-30 days, 1-3 months, 4-6 months, 7-9 months, 10-12 months, 1-3 years, 4-6 years, 6-11 years and 12-14 years old. The results were determined by comparing the right and left sides by age group and gender. The average weight of infants with 0-30 days is 3825.9±525.5 g, 1-3 months old is 5447.9±438.6 g, 4-6 months old is 6227.0±552.3 g, 7-9 months old is 7567.1±658.9 g, 1-3 years old is 9973.7±693.6 g, 4-5 years old is 18432±2242.4 g, 6-11 years old is 22964.4±905.2 g, and 12-14 years old children is 45712.5±791.4 g, respectively. When we determined the correlation coefÏcient between age and adrenal morphometric parameters, all parameters were moderately correlated with statistical significance (p<0.01, 0.4<R<0.7), while height and weight parameters were strongly correlated (p<0.01, R=0.966). In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in overall indicators between males and females at the age of 0-14. In the histological examination, the adrenal gland in a 0-30 days old infant, despite the development of the shell film and cortical and medulla, areas of the cortex were differentiated and underdeveloped. When the child reaches the age of 3 months, the zone of the cortical substance of the adrenal gland develops rapidly, and at the age of 5, not only the cortical and medulla, but also the 3 zones of the cortex are differentiated, and the blood supply increases at 11 years of age, the entire blood supply of the gland improved, and the picture was similar to that of an adult. Conclusions: 1. The measurement parameters of the right and left adrenal glands of children increased uniformly from 1 to 3 years of age, increased intensity of growth at 4-5 years of age and 6-11 years of age, and slightly decreased growth intensity at 12-14 years of age. No gender differences were observed. 2. 3 regions of the cortex and medulla of children’s adrenal gland are clearly developed at the age of 5, the blood supply to the gland increases, and at the age of 11, it is close to that of adults.