The result of the study of partial edentulism of dental arches among Mongolians

Abstract

Background: In 2022, the World Health Assembly adopted a global strategy on oral health with a vision of universal health coverage for oral health for all individuals and communities by 2030. The World Health Organization has defined in 1981, 1997, 2013, created recommendations to reduce oral diseases. Tooth loss, the number of remaining teeth, useless old dentures, tooth decay, trauma, etc. affect masticatory ability. The aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence and status of tooth loss among the population of Mongolia’s five regions. Since 2013, the prevalence of tooth loss among adults in rural areas have not been studied in Mongolia. Therefore, our goal of the survey was to determine the level of tooth loss among population of Mongolia. Aim: To determine prevalence and pattern of edentulous status among Mongolians. Materials and Methods: A total of 1638 people aged over 18 were examined for edentulous and denture status according to their informed consents from the Western, Khangai, Eastern, Central and Ulaanbaatar regions of Mongolia. A cross-sectional study was conducted using SPSS-25 software. Results: The prevalence of tooth loss was 90.2% of the total number of subjects. The prevalence of tooth loss in Central region was 85.9%, in Eastern region was 87.7%, in Ulaanbaatar was 91.6%, in Weastern region was 92.1% and in Khangai region 92.4% respectively. 1-3 tooth loss in both dental arches was 54.9%, 4-6 tooth loss was 27.8% and 7-13 tooth loss was 17.4, respectively. The bilaterally located edentulous spaces was 35.5%, a unilateral posterior edentulous pattern was 28.0%, a unilateral space with natural teeth both anterior and posterior was 34.9% and edentulous space in anterior area was 1.8% respectively. The incidence of KIII class in 18-34 year olds were 50.1%, KI in over than 65 year olds were 70.5%. The KIII pattern of edentulous space was 43.5% and -3 tooth loss in both dental arches was 71.2% high in Ulaanbaatar, a combined pattern space was high 34.6% in Central regions respectively. Conclusions: 1. The prevalence of partial edentulism among Mongolians was 90.2% and increased with age. When determining the prevalence of partial edentulism by region, there was a high prevalence regardless of region. 2. When determining the size of the partial edentulism of the respondents, the number of cases of 1-3 tooth loss was high. Intermediate defects were more common at younger ages, while bilateral end defects were more common with age. Considering the zoning, 71.2% of cases of 1-3 tooth loss was relatively high in Ulaanbaatar city, which is believed to prevent many teeth loss by receiving more oral treatment services compared to people in other regions.