Study results of women age and body mass index’s effect on embryo quality

Abstract

Background: In recent years, the prevalence of infertility has increased worldwide reaching 17.5% of the total population, and the total number of children born through in vitro fertilization (IVF) has reached 12 million. Infertility is a problem with negative consequences for individual reproductive health and family stability, socioeconomically, and psychologically. Thousands of infertile couples continue to have children through the advanced medical method of IVF. Most of the infertile women who visit the infertility and reproduction center of the National Center for Maternal and Child Health are 35 years old or older, and the basis of our research is to investigate how the age and body mass index of women affect the results of in vitro fertilization treatment. Aim: To study relation of women’s age and body mass index on embryo development. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was based on the Infertility and Reproductive Center of the National Center for Maternal and Child Health, and the oocytes extracted from the ovaries of 202 women with indications for insemination treatment were cultured in vitro, and a total of 1168 oocytes and 839 fertilized embryos were included. Statistical processing of the study was performed using SPSS-26.0 software. Results: The average age of the women participating in the study was 35.1±4.6, the average body mass index was 24.9±3.2, 61 (30%) had primary infertility and 141 (70%) had secondary infertility. Differences in the level of ovum education were observed in all age groups of women (p<0.01). In addition, the number of mature oocytes (MII) and mature oocytes (MI) decreased in a direct relationship with the age of the woman (p<0.001, p<0.013). On the other hand, the number of immature ovules (GV) was relatively small in the age group of 30-34 years (p>0.827). Body mass index of women has no obvious effect on ovum, fertilization and embryo grade A, B, C, but it increases the embryo grade D with statistical significance (p<0.028). It is the main reason for the negative effect on pregnant. Conclusions: 1. Oocyte count and education decreased with increasing female age, but no differences were observed by body mass index group. 2. The quality of A, B, and C embryos decreased with increasing age group, while the above difference was not observed in grade D. Grade A or best embryo transfer rates were higher in women aged 25-34 than in other age groups, with no differences between age groups in grade B and C pregnancies. In terms of body mass index, there were more overweight women in group D or low-quality embryos, while there were no differences in pregnancy outcomes in groups A, B, and C. 3. Female age was weakly inversely correlated with oocyte, MII oocyte and grade B_ embryo, respectively, while A pregnancy, grade A_ embryo and grade C_ embryo were very weakly inversely correlated. However, body mass index was not related to the quality of eggs and embryos.